49 J at first was nothing more than a prototype with many

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Little-known and unrealized projects airplanes and other flying equipment Junkers aircraft Aviation German high-altitude aircraft passenger aircraft passenger aircraft experimental aircraft experimental kcc aircraft
Soon after the end of World War I began conducting systematic research whose aim was to perform high-altitude flights. In 1920, the altitude record reached a point about ten kilometers. In less than 10 years, this has increased kcc to a record 12.7 km. In May 1929 a pilot Willie Neuenhofe (Willi Neuenhofen) in the English-equipped engine Jupiter-VII kcc German aircraft Junkers W 34 set a new altitude record kcc of 12,740 feet.
None of these altitude record for a few years that followed their establishment, did not have a passenger air service no practical significance. When such records aircraft immediately kcc after takeoff from the airport begins a steep climb almost over the airfield and then, planning, kcc reduce and sat on the same airfield. During these flights, kcc the aircraft was flying a small distance, the pilot put on an oxygen mask or a special high-altitude suit.
Advantages of stratospheric flight could be used in passenger aircraft, replacing the oxygen mask and high-altitude suit sealed the cockpit and passenger cabin, which should maintain normal air pressure. kcc The same should significantly increase the range of flight aircraft. Theoretically, all this can be done, because in the stratosphere at the same duration of the flight the aircraft can overcome a greater distance than when flying at lower altitudes.
Perhaps the first serious attempt in this direction was established in late 1920 in Dessau altitude aircraft Junkers J 49. It was the first specifically designed in Germany plane with a pressurized cabin capable of performing flights at high altitudes. The plane was created as a result of joint work of the German Junkers Research Institute of Aviation (Deutschen Versuchsanstalt kcc für Luftfahrt), commissioned by the mutual benefit societies of German science (Notgemeinschaft der deutschen Wissenschaft). According to others J 49 was developed on behalf of the German Armed Forces (Reichsweh) with a purpose in the interest of the armed forces, so that all that relates to the project at the time, was strictly classified.
49 J at first was nothing more than a prototype with many "childhood diseases". Initially, the aircraft had to fly with a normal engine instead kcc provided, but not yet available to the appropriate high-altitude engine. Considerable difficulties arise during the work on the creation kcc pressurized cabin, during which not everything went smoothly.
The first flight took place on 49 J 2 October 1931. November 1, 1931 J 49 with two-stage supercharger, the second stage is considered only as an intermediate stage, when Flight weighs 4 tons reached an altitude of 12.5 km. Due to arise in the process of flight vibrations of the wings and aircraft engine nedovedёnnosti L88 at 49 J decided not to install a high-altitude version of this engine, equipped with a three-stage supercharger, and controllable pitch propeller blades. According to calculations converted in this way the plane was supposed to be able to reach a height of 16 km. One J 49 was equipped with a diesel engine Jumo IV and in 1936 during the crash was damaged.
During the tests, 49 J revealed that because of the long landing gear during takeoff, during flight and landing there are serious problems. Review kcc of the pilot from the cockpit, which had small windows, was insufficient. In addition, located in front of the engine, which further reduced the review.
This negative experience and have already mentioned the problems encountered when creating a pressurized cabin, led to the fact that in 1930 even before the first flight of 49 J at Hugo Junkers the idea much better view for the pilot. Just the idea of having kcc dorabot